A lecturer in the Department of Architecture (Lubna Rahim Al-Azzawi) granted a doctorate  degree titled  "The Underlying Forces For Sustainable Urban Development" on Monday, 17 of April , 2023 at  Mohammed Makiya Hall, Department of Architecture at the University of Baghdad. The thesis focused on developing Urbanism theories by proposing a meta-theory of the underlying forces of SUD, which integrates intellectual dualities for the transformative transitional force  for the development of cities all over the world in general, and Iraqi cities in particular. The thesis concludes  identifying  multiple approaches of assessments and measurements to assess and predict potential urban development in the future .